本文反思了斯大林将马克思关于西欧社会历史发展阶段概括和上升为各国普遍适用的“五形态”理论所造成的单线论、直线论、唯一化的错舛,分析了从马克思《资本论》手稿中发掘出的“三形态”理论与建立社会主义市场经济间具有的本质联系,强调发展“三形态”理论、为马克思主义理论体系增添社会主义市场经济新篇章的理论意义与现实意义。 This article reflects on the single-line theory, the line theory and the unique one caused by Stalin's criticism of Marx's “five-form” theory that generalizes and rises the stage of social and historical development in Western Europe to the universality of each country. From the manuscripts in Marx's “Capitalism” The emancipation of the “three forms” theory and the essential linkages between establishing the socialist market economy emphasize the theoretical and practical significance of developing the “three forms” theory and adding a new chapter of the socialist market economy to the Marxist theoretical system.