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湖南是农业大省,也是农业有害生物的重发区。据研究,为害本省农作物的有害生物种类在1 000种以上,常年发生种类超过100种。受多方面因素的影响,农作物生物灾害发生日趋严重,全省发生面积从20世纪80年代中期的2 500万hm2次上升到近年的3 300万hm2次,年均经济损失100亿元以上。在部分年份、部分区域,甚至大面积成灾。生物灾害的为害损失已超过水灾、旱灾,成为新时期制约湖南农业可持续发展的重要因素,对粮食生产、农业生态和食品质量安全构成了严重威胁。
Hunan is a big agricultural province and also a restarter of agricultural pests. According to the study, more than 1,000 species of pests are harmed in the province’s crops and more than 100 perennial species occur. Affected by many factors, the occurrence of crop biological disasters has become increasingly serious. The area of the province rose from 25 million hm2 times in the mid-1980s to 33 million hm2 times in recent years, with an average annual economic loss of over 10 billion yuan. In some years, some areas and even large-scale disaster. The damage caused by biological disasters has exceeded that of floods and droughts and become an important factor restricting the sustainable development of Hunan agriculture in the new era, posing a serious threat to food production, agroecology and food quality and safety.