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目的:了解郑州市及其周边地区儿童血铅水平趋势,分析相关危险因素,降低儿童血铅水平。方法:对我院2011年1月至2013年12月中138872例儿童血铅(原子吸收法测定其血铅含量)检测资料依据中华人民共和国卫生部2006年印发的《儿童高铅血症和铅中毒分级和处理原则(试行)》进行归纳、分析。结果:三年我院儿童血铅含量≥100μg/L平均检出率为2.26%,其中,男童为2.53%,女童为1.81%。血铅平均水平为48.43μg/L,低于我国既往调查。2011年至2013年儿童血铅含量≥100μg/L年均检出率分别为3.82%、2.19%、1.22%(χ2=640.36,P<0.0001),呈逐年下降趋势,均低于有关报道郑州市2004-2008年均检出率10.49%,也低于该报道中我国2004-2008年均检出率7.57%[1];重度铅中毒别为0.02%、0.01%、0.02%。三年来共发现高铅血症患儿2614例,铅中毒527例,其中重度铅中毒26例;在这3141例血铅含量≥100μg/L的病例中,血铅平均水平150.81(150.81±69.678)μg/L。结论:近三年儿童血铅含量≥100μg/L检出率逐渐下降,但仍处于较高水平;儿童血铅水平受多种因素影响的,儿童血铅的升高完全可以通过环境干预、开展健康教育等措施预防,以降低儿童血铅水平,减少高血铅的危害。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the trend of blood lead levels in children in Zhengzhou and surrounding areas, analyze the related risk factors and reduce the level of blood lead in children. Methods: From January 2011 to December 2013 in our hospital, 138872 cases of children blood lead (atomic absorption spectrometry determination of blood lead content) test data based on the People’s Republic of China Ministry of Health issued in 2006 “children with high blood lead and lead Poisoning classification and treatment principles (Trial) ”induction, analysis. Results: The average detection rate of blood lead levels≥100μg / L in our hospital was 2.26% in three years, of which 2.53% for boys and 1.81% for girls. The average level of blood lead was 48.43μg / L, lower than our previous survey. The average annual detection rates of blood lead levels≥100μg / L from 2011 to 2013 were 3.82%, 2.19% and 1.22% respectively (χ2 = 640.36, P <0.0001), showing a declining trend year by year, which were all lower than those reported in Zhengzhou The average detection rate in 2004-2008 was 10.49%, which was also lower than the 7.57% detection rate in China in 2004-2008 [1]. The rates of severe lead poisoning were 0.02%, 0.01% and 0.02% respectively. In the past three years, there were 2614 cases of hyperlipidemia, 527 cases of lead poisoning and 26 cases of severe lead poisoning. Among the 3141 cases of blood lead level ≥100μg / L, the average level of blood lead was 150.81 (150.81 ± 69.678) μg / L. Conclusion: The detection rate of children with blood lead level ≥100μg / L in recent three years is gradually decreasing but still at a high level. The level of blood lead in children is affected by many factors. The increase of blood lead in children can be carried out through environmental intervention Health education and other measures to prevent, in order to reduce blood lead levels in children, reduce the risk of high blood lead.