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天麻为兰科植物Gastrodia elata Bl.的干燥块茎,系我国名贵的传统中药。1958年上海医科大学报导,从天麻中分离得一酚性结晶物,熔点为115℃,确定为香草醇(Vanillyl alcohol,即香荚兰醇),但没有报导其元素分析及光谱数据。1974年中国药科大学对由其实验室中合成的香草醇进行了生物活性的研究,观察到人工合成的香草醇具有明显抑制小鼠的自发活动,延长环已烯巴比妥钠所致小鼠的睡眠时间,显著提高戊四氮对小鼠的CD_(50),但无抗士的宁惊厥及抗电休克作用,也无镇痛作用,
Gastrodia is a dry tuber of the orchid plant Gastrodia elata Bl. It is a rare traditional Chinese medicine in China. In 1958 the Shanghai Medical University, a phenolic crystalline substance was isolated from Gastrodia elata, with a melting point of 115°C. It was identified as vanillyl alcohol (Vanillyl alcohol), but its elemental analysis and spectral data were not reported. In 1974, China Pharmaceutical University conducted a study on the biological activity of vanillyl alcohol synthesized in its laboratory. It was observed that artificially synthesized vanillyl alcohol significantly inhibited the spontaneous activity of mice and prolonged the exposure to cyclopentabarbital sodium. Rats’ sleep time significantly increased the CD_(50) of pentylenetetrazole in mice, but there was no anticonvulsant and anti-electrical shock effect and no analgesic effect.