论文部分内容阅读
为了分析咸水灌溉的可行性,试验于衡水市开展连续多年的大田定位咸水灌溉试验。以2012年棉花生长季为例,研究采用不同矿化度咸水灌溉后,不同灌水技术对土壤理化性状、土壤酶活性和棉花产量的影响。结果表明,咸水畦灌和沟畦轮灌均造成土壤积盐,其中沟畦轮灌处理在沟灌时的脱盐效果比畦灌处理好。随灌溉水矿化度的增加,0-20cm土层的土壤盐度、容重和pH表现出增加的趋势;畦灌处理的土壤盐度和pH整体高于相应的沟畦轮灌处理,但土壤容重较低。畦灌处理的土壤有机质含量在试验初期和结束时分别比相应的沟畦轮灌处理高8.9%~16.0%和13.8%~19.4%。2种处理土壤转化酶的恢复能力表现最强,脲酶相对稳定;在相同的土壤盐度水平下,畦灌处理的土壤酶活性整体高于沟畦轮灌处理。随土壤盐度的增加,畦灌处理的籽棉产量先增加后减少,而沟畦轮灌处理线性降低。当土壤盐度低于0.8dS/m时,畦灌处理的籽棉产量高于沟畦轮灌处理,反之则低。由以上分析可知,咸水灌溉导致土壤积盐、土壤酶活性受抑、pH和表层土壤容重增加;与畦灌相比,沟畦轮灌处理的土壤盐度水平更低,且具有更好的脱盐效果,但是因种植方式差异导致耕层土壤容重增加,有机质含量和土壤酶活性降低,籽棉产量低于畦灌处理。
In order to analyze the feasibility of saltwater irrigation, experiments were carried out in Hengshui City for years of field-oriented saline water irrigation experiments. Taking 2012 cotton growing season as an example, the effects of different irrigation techniques on soil physical and chemical properties, soil enzyme activities and cotton yield were studied after irrigation with different salinities of salinity. The results showed that salt water irrigation and furrow irrigation resulted in salt accumulation in soil, of which furrow irrigation was better than furrow irrigation. With the increase of salinity of irrigation water, the salinity, bulk density and pH of 0-20cm soil layer showed an increasing trend. The soil salinity and pH of silt irrigation were higher than those of the corresponding furrow irrigation, but the soil bulk density Lower. Soil organic matter content of rip irrigation was 8.9% ~ 16.0% and 13.8% ~ 19.4% higher than that of the corresponding furrow irrigation at the beginning and end of the experiment, respectively. The two kinds of soil invertase had the strongest recovery ability and the urease was relatively stable. Under the same soil salinity level, the soil enzyme activity in the furrow irrigation was higher than that in the furrow irrigation. With the increase of soil salinity, the seed cotton yield increased firstly and then decreased, while the furrow irrigation decreased linearly. When the soil salinity is less than 0.8dS / m, the yield of seed cotton treated by furrow irrigation is higher than that of furrow irrigation, and vice versa. From the above analysis, salt water irrigation lead to soil salt accumulation, soil enzyme activity was inhibited, pH and surface soil bulk density increased; compared with the irrigation, irrigation Gully Rotation of soil salinity levels lower, and has better desalination However, due to differences in planting methods, the bulk density of topsoil increased, the content of organic matter and soil enzyme activity decreased, and the yield of seed cotton was lower than that of furrow irrigation.