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单克隆抗体因具有分子量小、毒副作用低、靶向性好等优点,近年来已成为肿瘤治疗用药的主要方式。CD33分子是免疫球蛋白超家族成员,同时也是唾液酸依赖的免疫球蛋白样凝集素家族的成员,在免疫调节过程中具有重要作用。CD33分子特异表达于白血病细胞表面而在造血干细胞中不表达,因而成为白血病免疫治疗的理想靶点。以CD33为靶点的抗体药物主要有CMA676、HUM195、AVE9633、WM53及HIM3-4等,目前大多处于临床试验阶段。该实验室也在进行抗CD33全人源抗体的研究,利用噬菌体展示技术筛选与CD33胞外区特异性结合的单链抗体,并构建免疫毒素和抗体偶联药物以研究其体内外抗肿瘤作用。该文针对CD33分子及其抗体偶联药物的现状及趋势作一综述。
Monoclonal antibodies because of its small molecular weight, low side effects, good targeting and other advantages, in recent years has become the main method of cancer drug treatment. The CD33 molecule is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and is also a member of the sialic acid-dependent immunoglobulin-like lectin family and plays an important role in immune regulation. CD33 molecule is specifically expressed on the surface of leukemia cells but not expressed in hematopoietic stem cells, which has become an ideal target for immunotherapy of leukemia. Antibody drugs targeting CD33 are mainly CMA676, HUM195, AVE9633, WM53 and HIM3-4, etc., most of which are in the clinical trial stage at present. The lab is also conducting research on anti-CD33 whole human antibodies, screened for single-chain antibodies that specifically bind to the extracellular domain of CD33 using phage display technology, and constructed immunotoxins and antibody-conjugated drugs to study their antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo . This article reviews the status and trends of the CD33 molecule and its antibody-conjugated drugs.