目的　研究３２ 例子宫平滑肌肉瘤的诊治及预后因素。　方法　１９６２ 年７ 月～１９９４ 年１０ 月，收治３２例子宫平滑肌肉瘤，其中Ⅰ期１１ 例，Ⅱ期４ 例，Ⅲ期１４ 例，Ⅳ期３ 例，３２ 例均行手术治疗，术后补充化疗１６ 例，补充放疗８ 例，补充化疗加放疗７ 例。　结果　本组病例总的二年及五年生存率分别为５５２％ 及３６５ ％ 。Ⅰ～Ⅱ期的二年及五年生存率为７３３％ 及６４３ ％ ，Ⅲ～Ⅳ期的二年及五年生存率为３５７ ％ 及０ ％ 。　结论　子宫平滑肌肉瘤预后和临床分期、治疗方法、子宫大小、绝经因素等有明显关系，术后辅以化疗和放疗有可能提高生存率。 Objective To study the diagnosis and treatment of 32 cases of uterine leiomyosarcoma and its prognostic factors. Methods From July 1962 to October 1994, 32 cases of uterine leiomyosarcoma were treated, including 11 cases of stage Ⅰ, 4 cases of stage Ⅱ, 14 cases of stage Ⅲ, 3 cases of stage Ⅳ, 32 cases underwent surgery and postoperative chemotherapy 16 cases, 8 cases of supplementary radiotherapy, plus chemotherapy plus radiotherapy in 7 cases. Results The overall two-year and five-year survival rates were 552% and 365% in this group. The two-year and five-year survival rates of stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ were 733% and 643% respectively. The two-year and five-year survival rates of stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ were 357% and 0% respectively. Conclusion The prognosis of uterine leiomyosarcoma and clinical stage, treatment, uterine size, menopausal factors have a clear relationship, postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy may improve the survival rate.