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WHEN an accident in the workplace left
Yang Yuanwang with a permanently damaged left hand， he was plunged into severe depression. Then he happened to attend a free training session by the local Disabled Persons’ Federation on livestock breeding techniques and his life changed. He learned to raise chickens， ducks and pigs and realized he could earn his own living.
Today， the villager from Datang in central China’s Hunan Province exudes confidence. It stems from his transformation from someone who needed others’ help to someone who now helps others.
In 2009， with the federation’s assistance， Yang founded an animal husbandry cooperative with other villagers. They leased a reservoir to breed fish and set up a farm to grow poultry， goats， pigs and swans. The business expanded， helped by concessional loans for persons with disabilities. At present， more than 50 people work in the cooperative. Like Yang， some of them have disabilities but have learned to overcome them.
Since 2011， 5.06 million people with disabilities in China have come out of poverty， says the China Disabled Persons’ Federation （CDPF）. Over 9 million people with disabilities received government and private assistance in livelihood. The government renovated the dilapidated residences of 438，000 people with disabilities in straitened circumstances while 3.36 million received vocational training.
Since the government released the Outline for Development-Oriented Poverty Reduction for China’s Rural Areas （2011-20） in 2012， more than 6.8 million rural residents with disabilities have received state support.
Opportunities for all
By 2020， China plans to lift all the 70-million-plus Chinese living below the national poverty line out of privation. They include millions with disabilities.
CDPF statistics show that of the 85 million people with disabilities， more than 70 percent live in rural areas. It means one out of every five rural residents with disabilities lives below the poverty line - an indigence rate that is more than twice the national average.
Also， nearly 60 percent of rural residents with disabilities do not live in contiguous impoverished areas or counties listed in the national poverty reduction program. Hence they cannot benefit directly from the national funds meant to address poverty.
On October 17 - which China started observing as National Poverty Relief Day from 2014 - CDPF Chair Zhang Haidi said lifting rural residents with disabilities from poverty represents the effectiveness of the national development-oriented poverty mitigation. China has begun paying special attention to targeted poverty abatement. In addition to enhancing social security benefits to meet the basic needs of impoverished people with disabilities， the government is trying to ensure that they can access basic public services such as medical and rehabilitation services， special education and housing.
In 2015， the State Council， China’s cabinet， rolled out new policies. Consequently， financially disadvantaged people with disabilities have started receiving living allowances and persons with severe disabilities nursing subsidies from January 1， 2016.
The poverty alleviation program includes specific assistance measures for people with disabilities. The government will verify the status of indigent people with disabilities and designate persons to help each household with such members. The government will also provide vocational training， mortgage and interest-free micro loans to those people， creat more jobs for them by developing industrial bases， and enable those who have lost their ability to work to get a steady income from poverty reduction programs.
The private sector is being encouraged to help meet the needs of impoverished people with disabilities.
Education for all
August 2， 2015 was a red-letter day for 20-year-old Zheng Rongquan. On that day， he received his admission letter from Wenzhou University in Zhejiang， becoming the first visually impaired student in the east China province to be admitted into a regular university. In 2015， CDPF says 5，359 students with disabilities nationwide were admitted into regular universities.
Students with disabilities can avail of both special and regular education in China. Since 2014， visually impaired students can take college entrance exams in Braille.
The Ministry of Education （MOE） and CDPF have jointly issued a directive， saying examinees with disabilities should be provided facilities such as hearing aids， special desks and chairs， magnifying glasses and other auxiliaries. Examination times may also be extended accordingly.
Many students with disabilities enroll in special education schools scattered across the country. By the end of 2014， China had about 2，000 special education schools with 395，000 students and 48，100 teachers.
In 2010， the State Council announced financial assistance for all primary and middle school students with disabilities so that they would not drop out. In 2014， the MOE and other Central Government departments released a plan to improve special education by ensuring that every child has access to proper education. Various local governments have also made similar plans. Since 2014， the government has sponsored the preschool education of more than 50，000 children with disabilities. The MOE is making policies to improve vocational education and popularize the standard sign language and Braille.
Public investment in special education infrastructure has increased. The central and local governments have spent 5.4 billion yuan （$845 million） in building， renovating or expanding 1，182 special education schools in eight years. Since 2012， the Chinese Government has invested 3.2 billion yuan （$501 million） to support the construction of infrastructure for special education major courses in normal universities and secondary and higher vocational schools. From 2013 to 2014， state funding for special education increased more than sevenfold.
There has also been unprecedented social support for special education. In four years， the China Foundation for Disabled Persons raised 20.6 million yuan （$3.2 million）， benefiting 280，000 children and youths.
Jobs for all
After graduating from college， Sha Jingjing and Wu Haijian were employed by a textile company in Nantong in east China’s Jiangsu Province. Both have hearing impairments. “They are quick at learning new skills，” their supervisor Xu Xiaoyan said approvingly.
The government has been promoting employment for people with disabilities. Since 1990， employers have to hire a certain number of people with disabilities in appropriate jobs and positions.
In December 2013， Shanghai opened some positions in municipal departments and public institutions exclusively to people with disabilities. More than 400 people applied. Shen Weiwei was among the 18 people hired. She had appeared for the civil service examination twice earlier but could not compete successfully against other “able-bodied”candidates. But thanks to the reservation， today， she is a civil servant at the Commission of Science and Technology.
In 2015， the Beijing Municipal Government reserved five positions for persons with disabilities to be filled through the annual civil service exam. Other municipalities and provinces are also doing this.
The State Council issued a regulation in February 2015 to boost the initiative， saying all employers would have to observe it except for small businesses that exist for less than three years or hire fewer than 20 people. Those failing to meet it would be fined while those hiring more people with disabilities than mandatory would be rewarded. The regulation also asks government departments， public institutions and state-owned enterprises to take the lead in recruiting persons with disabilities. The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities has been actively implemented in China. The government has taken legislative， administrative and other measures to fulfill the responsibilities under the convention， including amending the Law on the Protection of Disabled Persons.
China has also implemented six national development outlines for people with disabilities. Its two National Human Rights Action Plans include the protection of the rights and interests of these people. The 13th Five-Year Plan （2016-20）， to be adopted by the National People’s Congress， China’s national legislature， in March 2016， aims to bring people with disabilities into “a moderately prosperous society in all respects.” CA
CHINA REPORT
Development of Aid for Persons with Disabilities in China
Persons with Disabilities in China by the End of 2010
Total： 85.02 mln
Employment
Employed people with disabilities in urban areas
Number of vocational training bases in China
Rehabilitation
Number of people rehabilitated （in millions）
Education
Number of people admitted by higher education institution
China RepoRt
Going beyond borders
The Chinese Government takes an active part in international disability-related affairs. Under the joint efforts of China and other members of the international community， developing undertakings for people with disabilities has become part of the cooperation among members of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation （APEC） and the Asia-Europe Meeting.
China participates in the discussions on the UN Post-2015 Development Agenda and has promoted the inclusive development of people with disabilities on various occasions.
During the 22nd APEC Economic Leaders’ Week in Beijing in November 2014， 20 APEC economies launched a joint initiative to promote equal access for and inclusive development of people with disabilities.
In September 2015， a disability rehabilitation forum was held in south China’s Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. It was attended by representatives from China and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations member countries.
Yang Yuanwang with a permanently damaged left hand， he was plunged into severe depression. Then he happened to attend a free training session by the local Disabled Persons’ Federation on livestock breeding techniques and his life changed. He learned to raise chickens， ducks and pigs and realized he could earn his own living.
Today， the villager from Datang in central China’s Hunan Province exudes confidence. It stems from his transformation from someone who needed others’ help to someone who now helps others.
In 2009， with the federation’s assistance， Yang founded an animal husbandry cooperative with other villagers. They leased a reservoir to breed fish and set up a farm to grow poultry， goats， pigs and swans. The business expanded， helped by concessional loans for persons with disabilities. At present， more than 50 people work in the cooperative. Like Yang， some of them have disabilities but have learned to overcome them.
Since 2011， 5.06 million people with disabilities in China have come out of poverty， says the China Disabled Persons’ Federation （CDPF）. Over 9 million people with disabilities received government and private assistance in livelihood. The government renovated the dilapidated residences of 438，000 people with disabilities in straitened circumstances while 3.36 million received vocational training.
Since the government released the Outline for Development-Oriented Poverty Reduction for China’s Rural Areas （2011-20） in 2012， more than 6.8 million rural residents with disabilities have received state support.
Opportunities for all
By 2020， China plans to lift all the 70-million-plus Chinese living below the national poverty line out of privation. They include millions with disabilities.
CDPF statistics show that of the 85 million people with disabilities， more than 70 percent live in rural areas. It means one out of every five rural residents with disabilities lives below the poverty line - an indigence rate that is more than twice the national average.
Also， nearly 60 percent of rural residents with disabilities do not live in contiguous impoverished areas or counties listed in the national poverty reduction program. Hence they cannot benefit directly from the national funds meant to address poverty.
On October 17 - which China started observing as National Poverty Relief Day from 2014 - CDPF Chair Zhang Haidi said lifting rural residents with disabilities from poverty represents the effectiveness of the national development-oriented poverty mitigation. China has begun paying special attention to targeted poverty abatement. In addition to enhancing social security benefits to meet the basic needs of impoverished people with disabilities， the government is trying to ensure that they can access basic public services such as medical and rehabilitation services， special education and housing.
In 2015， the State Council， China’s cabinet， rolled out new policies. Consequently， financially disadvantaged people with disabilities have started receiving living allowances and persons with severe disabilities nursing subsidies from January 1， 2016.
The poverty alleviation program includes specific assistance measures for people with disabilities. The government will verify the status of indigent people with disabilities and designate persons to help each household with such members. The government will also provide vocational training， mortgage and interest-free micro loans to those people， creat more jobs for them by developing industrial bases， and enable those who have lost their ability to work to get a steady income from poverty reduction programs.
The private sector is being encouraged to help meet the needs of impoverished people with disabilities.
Education for all
August 2， 2015 was a red-letter day for 20-year-old Zheng Rongquan. On that day， he received his admission letter from Wenzhou University in Zhejiang， becoming the first visually impaired student in the east China province to be admitted into a regular university. In 2015， CDPF says 5，359 students with disabilities nationwide were admitted into regular universities.
Students with disabilities can avail of both special and regular education in China. Since 2014， visually impaired students can take college entrance exams in Braille.
The Ministry of Education （MOE） and CDPF have jointly issued a directive， saying examinees with disabilities should be provided facilities such as hearing aids， special desks and chairs， magnifying glasses and other auxiliaries. Examination times may also be extended accordingly.
Many students with disabilities enroll in special education schools scattered across the country. By the end of 2014， China had about 2，000 special education schools with 395，000 students and 48，100 teachers.
In 2010， the State Council announced financial assistance for all primary and middle school students with disabilities so that they would not drop out. In 2014， the MOE and other Central Government departments released a plan to improve special education by ensuring that every child has access to proper education. Various local governments have also made similar plans. Since 2014， the government has sponsored the preschool education of more than 50，000 children with disabilities. The MOE is making policies to improve vocational education and popularize the standard sign language and Braille.
Public investment in special education infrastructure has increased. The central and local governments have spent 5.4 billion yuan （$845 million） in building， renovating or expanding 1，182 special education schools in eight years. Since 2012， the Chinese Government has invested 3.2 billion yuan （$501 million） to support the construction of infrastructure for special education major courses in normal universities and secondary and higher vocational schools. From 2013 to 2014， state funding for special education increased more than sevenfold.
There has also been unprecedented social support for special education. In four years， the China Foundation for Disabled Persons raised 20.6 million yuan （$3.2 million）， benefiting 280，000 children and youths.
Jobs for all
After graduating from college， Sha Jingjing and Wu Haijian were employed by a textile company in Nantong in east China’s Jiangsu Province. Both have hearing impairments. “They are quick at learning new skills，” their supervisor Xu Xiaoyan said approvingly.
The government has been promoting employment for people with disabilities. Since 1990， employers have to hire a certain number of people with disabilities in appropriate jobs and positions.
In December 2013， Shanghai opened some positions in municipal departments and public institutions exclusively to people with disabilities. More than 400 people applied. Shen Weiwei was among the 18 people hired. She had appeared for the civil service examination twice earlier but could not compete successfully against other “able-bodied”candidates. But thanks to the reservation， today， she is a civil servant at the Commission of Science and Technology.
In 2015， the Beijing Municipal Government reserved five positions for persons with disabilities to be filled through the annual civil service exam. Other municipalities and provinces are also doing this.
The State Council issued a regulation in February 2015 to boost the initiative， saying all employers would have to observe it except for small businesses that exist for less than three years or hire fewer than 20 people. Those failing to meet it would be fined while those hiring more people with disabilities than mandatory would be rewarded. The regulation also asks government departments， public institutions and state-owned enterprises to take the lead in recruiting persons with disabilities. The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities has been actively implemented in China. The government has taken legislative， administrative and other measures to fulfill the responsibilities under the convention， including amending the Law on the Protection of Disabled Persons.
China has also implemented six national development outlines for people with disabilities. Its two National Human Rights Action Plans include the protection of the rights and interests of these people. The 13th Five-Year Plan （2016-20）， to be adopted by the National People’s Congress， China’s national legislature， in March 2016， aims to bring people with disabilities into “a moderately prosperous society in all respects.” CA
CHINA REPORT
Development of Aid for Persons with Disabilities in China
Persons with Disabilities in China by the End of 2010
Total： 85.02 mln
Employment
Employed people with disabilities in urban areas
Number of vocational training bases in China
Rehabilitation
Number of people rehabilitated （in millions）
Education
Number of people admitted by higher education institution
China RepoRt
Going beyond borders
The Chinese Government takes an active part in international disability-related affairs. Under the joint efforts of China and other members of the international community， developing undertakings for people with disabilities has become part of the cooperation among members of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation （APEC） and the Asia-Europe Meeting.
China participates in the discussions on the UN Post-2015 Development Agenda and has promoted the inclusive development of people with disabilities on various occasions.
During the 22nd APEC Economic Leaders’ Week in Beijing in November 2014， 20 APEC economies launched a joint initiative to promote equal access for and inclusive development of people with disabilities.
In September 2015， a disability rehabilitation forum was held in south China’s Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. It was attended by representatives from China and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations member countries.