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利用温带粳稻‘沈农265’和‘丽江新团黑谷’构建的重组自交系群体,在沈阳和哈尔滨两地对15个穗部结构性状进行了QTL分析。共检测到61个相关QTL,其中沈阳检测到的38个QTL在第1、4、6、11和12号染色体上形成了5个QTL簇;而在哈尔滨检测到的31个QTL也在第3、9和10号染色体上形成了QTL簇。仅有8个QTL是在两地同时被检测到的,分别是控制一次枝梗数的qPBN4、控制穗长的qPL6和qPL9、控制一次枝梗实粒数的qGNPB4、控制一次枝梗颖花数的qTSNPB6.1、控制结实率的qPSS10、以及控制着粒密度的qSD3和qSD9。其中,qPBN4(最高表型贡献率43.2%)、qPL9(最高表型贡献率63.2%)、qGNPB4(最高表型贡献率30.9%)和qSD9(最高表型贡献率42.9%)是主效QTL。通过进一步的分析发现控制穗长qPL9和控制着粒密度qSD9位于DEP1所在区间。同时控制一次枝梗数和一次枝梗实粒数的位于第4号染色体长臂端的穗部结构主效QTL,qPBN4~qGNPB4极富研究与应用价值。
QTL analysis of 15 panicle traits in Shenyang and Harbin was conducted using recombinant inbred lines constructed from temperate japonica rice Shennong 265 and Lijiang Xinqun Heigu. A total of 61 related QTLs were detected, of which 38 QTLs detected in Shenyang formed 5 QTL clusters on chromosomes 1, 4, 6, 11 and 12, while 31 QTLs detected in Harbin were also found in 3 QTL clusters were formed on chromosomes 9 and 10. Only 8 QTLs were detected at the same time in both areas, namely qPBN4 controlling primary branch number, qPL6 and qPL9 controlling spike length, qGNPB4 controlling primary branch number and controlling the number of primary branchlets qTSNPB6.1, qPSS10 to control seed setting, and qSD3 and qSD9 to control grain density. Among them, qPBN4 (highest phenotypic contribution rate of 43.2%), qPL9 (highest phenotypic contribution rate of 63.2%), qGNPB4 (highest phenotypic contribution rate of 30.9%) and qSD9 (highest phenotypic contribution rate of 42.9%) were major QTLs. Through further analysis, it was found that controlling spike length qPL9 and controlling grain density qSD9 were located in the region where DEP1 was located. The major QTLs for the panicle structure at the long arm of chromosome 4, which control the number of primary branches and the number of primary branchlets, are extremely rich in qPBN4 ~ qGNPB4.