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目的探讨乳腺癌钼靶X线表现误诊的原因,以提高早期及不典型乳腺癌的诊断水平。方法回顾性分析钼靶检查并经手术病理证实的乳腺癌误诊或误诊为乳腺癌的17例病历。结果乳腺癌误诊为乳腺小叶增生4例,误诊为纤维腺瘤5例,误诊为正常1例;纤维腺瘤误诊为乳腺癌3例,导管内乳头状瘤误诊为乳腺癌1例,囊肿误诊为乳腺癌1例,浆细胞性乳腺炎误诊为乳腺癌2例。结论乳腺癌诊断时注意直接征象与间接征象结合,注重两侧对比观察,对患者进行详细的问触诊,必要时需结合彩超、MRI、穿刺活检及分泌物检查可进一步减少误诊。
Objective To investigate the causes of misdiagnosis of mammography in breast cancer to improve the diagnosis of early and atypical breast cancer. Methods A retrospective analysis of mammography and pathologically confirmed breast cancer misdiagnosed or misdiagnosed as breast cancer in 17 cases. Results Breast cancer misdiagnosed as breast lobular hyperplasia in 4 cases, misdiagnosed as fibroadenoma in 5 cases, misdiagnosed as normal in 1 case; fibroadenoma misdiagnosed as breast cancer in 3 cases, intraductal papilloma misdiagnosed as breast cancer in 1 case, cyst misdiagnosed as 1 case of breast cancer, 2 cases of plasma cell mastitis misdiagnosed as breast cancer. Conclusion In the diagnosis of breast cancer, attention should be paid to the combination of direct and indirect signs. Focusing on the contrast between the two sides, the patient should be given detailed palpation. If necessary, combined with color Doppler ultrasound, MRI, biopsy and secretions examination can further reduce the misdiagnosis.