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研究了育肥猪、母猪的日采食量和日排泄量以及稻田土壤猪粪利用效率和残留率,对稻田土壤猪粪重金属元素的残留率进行了长期定位监测。试验结果表明:每季每公顷配合施用15 t猪粪+50%化肥,一般不会造成农田土壤有害重金属元素的积累;每季每公顷施30 t猪粪,可能会造成有害重金属元素铬、镉的积累;每季每公顷施45 t猪粪,能明显造成重金属元素铜、铬、镉、锌的积累。长期定位试验结果表明:每年每公顷稻田施用20 t猪粪,土壤重金属铜、锌、砷会有一定的积累。得出每年每公顷稻田施用猪粪量应控制在15 t以内。通过计算,得出每公顷农田承载母猪粪便能力为15头、果园为30头,承载存栏育肥猪粪便能力为45头、果园为60头。
The daily feed intake and daily excretion of fattening pigs and sows, as well as the utilization efficiency and residual rate of pig manure in paddy soil were studied. The residual rate of heavy metal elements in pig manure in paddy soil was monitored for long term. The results showed that the application of 15 t pig manure and 50% chemical fertilizer per hectare per season generally did not result in the accumulation of heavy metals in the farmland soil. Applying 30 t pig manure per hectare per season could result in the production of harmful heavy metals such as chromium and cadmium 45 t pig manure per hectare per season can obviously cause the accumulation of heavy metal elements such as copper, chromium, cadmium and zinc. The results of long-term experiment showed that 20 t of pig manure per hectare per hectare could accumulate heavy metals such as copper, zinc and arsenic in the soil. It is concluded that the amount of pig manure applied per hectare per hectare should be controlled within 15 t. Through calculation, it can be concluded that there are 15 pigs per hectare farmland carrying sow excrement, 30 orchards and 45 pigs or pigs with 60 orchards.