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参照物就是判断物体运动和静止时,被选作标准的假定不动的物体.我们常说物体运动或静止就是这个被研究的物体与参照物比较的结果.具体的讲是看被研究的物体与参照物之间的位置变化,位置改变了物体就是运动的,位置不改变物体就是静止的,物体的运动和静止是相对于参照物而言的,这就是运动和静止的相对性. 对参照物的认识还要注意几点:①人们习惯常以地面或固定在地面上的物体作为参照物,这种情况下,往往参照物可以略去不提.如:奔驰的骏马,刺破夜空的流星,飞舞的蝴蝶等.②参照物是可以任意选择的.你认为不动的物体可以做参照物,动的物体也可做参照物.③参照物选择的不同判断结果就可能不同.同一物体是运动还是静止,取决于所选的参照物.如你坐在行驶的列车中,看路旁的树木、建筑物,向后闪过,你会说:“我是运动的”,而你看看列车,又说:“我是静止的。”④参照物一定要选择的合适,选择好参照物,会把相对运动问题的解答过程大大简化,使问题的处理变的简洁、明快、一目了然.
A reference object is a hypothetical object that is selected as the standard when it is used to determine the motion and motion of an object. We often say that the motion or motion of an object is the result of a comparison of the object being studied with a reference object. Specifically, the object being studied is the object under study. With the change of position between the reference object, the position changes the object is the movement, the position does not change the object is the stationary, the object movement and the rest are relative to the reference object, this is the movement and the static relativity. Things should also pay attention to several points: 1 People are accustomed to using objects on the ground or fixed on the ground as a reference object. In this case, the reference object may be omitted. For example, a galloping horse gallops through the night sky. Meteors, flying butterflies, etc. The 2 reference objects can be selected arbitrarily. Objects that you think are not moving can be used as reference objects, and moving objects can also be used as reference objects. 3 Different judgment results of reference objects may be different. Same object Whether it is motion or still depends on the selected reference. If you are sitting in a moving train and look at the trees and buildings along the road and flash backwards, you will say, “I am athletic,” and you see Look at the train and say: I was still succinct "④ Be sure to select the appropriate reference, select a good reference, the relative answer will greatly simplify the process of movement problems, the problem of handling change, bright glance.