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[目的]探讨急性染汞致大鼠肝、肾毒性的作用机制,观察沙棘油(SBO)的保护作用。[方法]24只Wistar大鼠随机均分为:阴性对照组(皮下注射0.9%生理盐水);染汞组(皮下注射2.5 mg/kg HgCl2);SBO+HgCl2组[灌胃SBO(体积分数为95%)5 mL/kg,2 h后皮下注射2.5 mg/kg HgCl2]。染汞后12 h将大鼠移入代谢笼,收集12 h尿样。染汞48 h后处死,采取血样和肝肾组织。测定肝脏、肾皮质和尿汞含量;尿N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄苷酶(NAG)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性和尿蛋白、血清尿素氮(BUN)含量;肝、肾中谷胱甘肽(GSH)、丙二醛(MDA)、蛋白含量和超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性。[结果]与对照组相比,HgCl2组、SBO+HgCl2组的肝、肾皮质及尿汞含量均明显增加(P<0.01);与HgCl2组相比,SBO+HgCl2组尿汞含量增加(P<0.05)。HgCl2组尿NAG、ALP、LDH活性和尿蛋白、BUN含量均明显高于对照组(P<0.01);SBO+HgCl2组NAG、ALP活性和BUN含量均低于HgCl2组(分别为P<0.05,P<0.01和P<0.01)。与对照组相比,HgCl2组肝、肾GSH含量、GSH-Px活性、SOD活性均下降(P<0.01),MDA含量增加(P<0.05或P<0.01);SBO+HgCl2组与HgCl2组相比,其肝GSH-Px活性明显增加(P<0.01)。[结论]大鼠经一次染汞后可致急性肝、肾损伤。沙棘油具有促进汞从肾脏排出的作用,对汞致肝脏氧化损伤有一定保护作用。
[Objective] To explore the mechanism of hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity induced by acutely stained mercury in rats and observe the protective effect of sea buckthorn oil (SBO). [Method] Twenty-four Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: negative control group (0.9% saline injected subcutaneously); group with mercury injection (2.5 mg / kg HgCl2 subcutaneously); SBO + HgCl2 group 95%) 5 mL / kg, 2 h after subcutaneous injection of 2.5 mg / kg HgCl2]. Twelve hours after dyeing mercury, the rats were transplanted into metabolic cages, and urine samples were collected for 12 hours. Mercury 48 h after sacrifice, blood samples and liver and kidney tissue. The content of mercury in liver, renal cortex and urine were measured; the activity of urine NAG, ALP, LDH and urinary protein, serum urea nitrogen (BUN) in liver and kidney; glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), protein content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) . [Results] Compared with the control group, the content of mercury in liver, renal cortex and urine of HgCl2 group and SBO + HgCl2 group were significantly increased (P <0.01). Compared with HgCl2 group, urinary mercury level increased in SBO + HgCl2 group <0.05). The activities of NAG, ALP and LDH and the contents of urinary protein and BUN in HgCl2 group were significantly higher than those in control group (P <0.01). The activities of NAG, ALP and BUN in SBO + HgCl2 group were lower than those in HgCl2 group (P <0.05, P <0.01 and P <0.01). Compared with the control group, the contents of GSH, GSH-Px and SOD in HgCl2 and HgCl2 groups decreased (P <0.01) and MDA content increased (P <0.05 or P <0.01) The liver GSH-Px activity was significantly increased (P <0.01). [Conclusion] Acute liver and kidney injury can be induced after a rat is stained with mercury. Seabuckthorn oil has the effect of promoting the excretion of mercury from the kidneys, and has a certain protective effect on oxidative damage of liver caused by mercury.