防治水土流失,保护和合理利用水土资源,是改变山区、丘陵区、风沙区面貌,建立良好的生态环境,发展农业生产的一项根本措施。宁夏位于黄河上游下段,地处西北黄土高原,又处在腾格里和毛乌素大沙漠的边缘。全区面积为5.18万平方公里,其中山地、台地、丘陵和沙漠3.79万平方公里,占总面积的73％。 Prevention and control of soil and water loss, protection and rational utilization of water and soil resources is a fundamental measure to change the face of mountainous areas, hilly areas and windy and sandy areas, establish a good ecological environment and develop agricultural production. Located in the lower reaches of the upper reaches of the Yellow River, Ningxia is located in the northwestern Loess Plateau and is at the edge of the Tengger and Maowusu Desert. The whole area of ​​51,800 square kilometers, of which mountains, terraces, hills and deserts 37,900 square kilometers, 73% of the total area.