一、管理现代化的产生及其特征管理科学并不是从人类生产一开始就有的。按马克思的说法,出现社会结合的劳动,才有管理。单个人或以家庭为单位进行的生产,或小作坊的劳动,都不需要管理。因力它的一切活动都由工匠本身头脑里支配,谈不上什么管理。在奴隶制或封建制经济里,管理还没有成为一种普遍的社会现象。而埃及的金字塔,我国的长城,如此浩大的工程,没有管理当然不行,但这只是一种个别的现象。就 First, the emergence of management modernization and its characteristics Management science does not exist from the beginning of human production. According to Marx, there is management when there is socially integrated labor. Individuals or family-based production, or small workshops, do not require management. Because of its power, all its activities are governed by the minds of craftsmen themselves, and there is no management. In the slavery or feudal economy, management has not yet become a universal social phenomenon. The pyramids of Egypt, the Great Wall of China, and such a vast project, of course, do not manage, but this is only an isolated phenomenon. on