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日本福岛核泄漏事故,给日本社会带来了严重冲击,放射性废弃物处置成为日本灾后重建面临的重要课题。为此,日本专门制定了《放射性物质污染应对特别措施法》加以应对。文章以《特措法》为中心,从法的背景与结构、核心制度、实施效果等方面,分析了日本当前在放射性污染废弃物处置方面的主要应对措施,并对相关制度的特征和实施效果做了系统评价。
Japan’s Fukushima nuclear leak has brought serious impact on Japanese society and the disposal of radioactive waste has become an important issue facing Japan’s post-disaster reconstruction. To this end, Japan has enacted a special law to deal with radioactive contamination to deal with special measures. Based on the “special measure method”, this article analyzes the current main measures of Japan’s disposal of radioactive waste from the background and structure of the law, the core system and the implementation effect, and also makes a detailed analysis of the characteristics and implementation effects of the relevant systems system assesment.