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目的:探讨血清肺腺癌转移相关转录本1（MALAT1）水平与非小细胞肺癌放疗疗效的关系。方法:选择温州市中心医院放疗科2015年1月至2019年12月行根治性放疗非小细胞肺癌患者120例为研究对象，根据放疗剂量将其分为放疗剂量≤60 Gy组53例、放疗剂量>60 Gy组67例；根据疗效分为有效组104例，无效组16例。采用逆转录-聚合酶连反应（RT-PCR）测定各组血清MALAT1水平。结果:放疗后MALAT1为（2.31±0.11），高于放疗前的（1.00±0.08），差异有统计学意义（n t=105.506，n P60 Gy组MALAT1水平为（2.52±0.14），高于放疗剂量≤60 Gy组的（1.93±0.12），差异有统计学意义（n t=24.395，n P<0.001）；有效组放疗前MALAT1水平为（0.81±0.06），低于无效组的（1.24±0.07），差异有统计学意义（n t=26.095，n P<0.001）；放疗前MALAT1水平与治疗前截面积呈负相关（n r=-0.527，n P<0.001）。肿瘤消退率与放疗前MALAT1水平无显著相关性（n r=-0.211，n P=0.302），与放疗后MALAT1（n r=0.467）及放疗前后MALAT1差值（n r=0.541）呈正相关（n P=0.012、n P 60 Gy group ( n n = 67) according to different radiation doses. They were also divided into an effective group (n n = 104) and an ineffective group (n n = 16). Serum MALAT1 level in each group was measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.n Results:After radiotherapy, serum MALAT1 level was (2.31 ± 0.11), which was significantly higher than (1.00 ± 0.08) before radiotherapy (n t = 105.506, n P 60 Gy group was significantly higher than that in the radiation dose ≤ 60 Gy group [(2.52 ± 0.14) n vs. (1.93 ± 0.12), n t = 24.395, n P < 0.001]. Before radiotherapy, serum MALAT1 level in the effective group was (0.81 ± 0.06), which was significantly lower than (1.24 ± 0.07) in the ineffective group ( n t = 26.095, n P < 0.001). Before radiotherapy, serum MALAT1 level was negatively correlated with the cross-sectional area of tumor ( n r = -0.527, n P < 0.001). Tumor regression rate was not correlated with serum MALAT1 level before radiotherapy ( n r = - 0.211, n P = 0.302), but it was positively correlated with serum MALAT1 level after radiotherapy (n r = 0.467,n P = 0.012) and the difference of serum MALAT1 level between before and after radiotherapy (n r = 0.541, n P < 0.001).n Conclusion:In patients with non-small cell lung cancer, serum MALAT1 level increases after radiotherapy, which is closely related to the efficacy of radiotherapy. It is of certain guiding significance in predicting the efficacy of radiotherapy