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甲状腺髓样癌是甲状腺滤泡旁细胞的恶性肿瘤。此种肿瘤可散发,亦可以是一种以常染色体显性形式遗传的家族性疾病。甲状腺髓样癌通常可用放射免疫测定法测定周围血液标本中的血浆免疫反应性降钙素来诊断。然而,当肿瘤很小时,降钙素增加不多,不易与正常值区别,可能需要用降钙素分泌刺激试验来确定诊断。常用的刺激试验有两种:输注钙剂和注射五肽胃泌素。作者对一个罹患家族型甲状腺髓样癌的家族的39名成员,比较了两种降钙素分泌刺激试验对甲状腺髓样癌的诊断价值。在刺激试验以前和试验期间用放射免疫测定法测定这些家族成员的血浆免疫反应性降钙素浓度。这39名家族成员中,有2例手术时发现甲状腺髓样癌患者,1名亲属颈淋巴结活检显示甲状腺髓样癌,36名亲属无症状。
Medullary thyroid carcinoma is a malignant tumor of parathyroid follicles. Such tumors can be distributed, but also can be an autosomal dominant inherited familial disease. Medullary medullary carcinoma is usually diagnosed by radioimmunoassay to measure plasma immunoreactive calcitonin in peripheral blood samples. However, when the tumor is small, calcitonin does not increase much and is not easily differentiated from normal and may require a calcitonin secretion stimulating test to confirm the diagnosis. There are two commonly used stimulation tests: infusion of calcium and injection of pentagastrin. The authors compared the diagnostic value of two calcitonin secretion stimulating tests for medullary thyroid carcinoma in a panel of 39 members of a family with familial thyroid medullary carcinoma. Plasma immunoreactive calcitonin concentrations of these family members were determined by radioimmunoassay prior to and during the stimulation test. Of the 39 family members, 2 had medullary thyroid carcinoma at surgery, 1 had cervical lymph node biopsy showing medullary thyroid carcinoma, and 36 had asymptomatic.