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对苹果霉心病具有优良防治效 果的枯草芽 孢杆菌（ Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ ｓｕｂｔｉｌｉｓ （ Ｅｈｒｅｎｂｅｒｇ） Ｃｏｈｎ） Ｘ Ｍ１６ 菌株，是作者从莱阳农学院农场苹果树上分 离得到的一种拮抗菌株。 Ｘ Ｍ１６ 菌株培养液经硫酸铵分 级盐析和 Ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ Ｇ－ １００ 及 Ｄ Ｅ３２ 柱层析后，分离纯化得到一种抗 菌蛋白。该抗 菌蛋白通过 Ｓ Ｄ Ｓ－ Ｐ Ａ Ｇ Ｅ分析测定的分子 量 为６００００ ，等 电点 约为 ５ ．５ ， 偏酸 性； Ｘ Ｍ１６ 菌 株抗 菌蛋 白对 １００ ℃以 上高 温稳 定。 Ｘ Ｍ１６ 菌株抗菌蛋白对１０ 种测定的病原真菌，均具有良好的抑 制作用，表明其抗菌的广谱 性。此 抗菌蛋白对 Ａｌｔｅｒｎａｒｉａ ａｌｔｅｒｎａｔａ 等真菌病原的抑菌机理主要 表现为： 抑制病菌孢子萌发，使孢 子发芽异常；使菌丝畸变，细胞壁溶解，原生质泄漏。
Bacillus subtilis (Ehrenberg) Cohn) X M16, which has excellent control effect on apple mold heart disease, is an antagonistic strain isolated from the apple tree farm in Laiyang Agricultural College. X M16 strain was separated by ammonium sulfate fractionation salting-out and Sephadex G-100 and D E32 column chromatography to obtain an antimicrobial protein. The antimicrobial protein has a molecular weight of 60,000 as determined by SDS-PAGE analysis and an isoelectric point of about 5. [ 5, acidic; X M16 strain of antimicrobial protein at 100 ℃ high temperature stability. The antimicrobial protein of X M16 strain had good inhibitory effect on the 10 kinds of pathogenic fungi, indicating broad antibacterial spectrum. Antibacterial proteins such as Alternaria alternata and other fungal pathogens antibacterial mechanism mainly as follows: inhibition of spores germination of bacteria, spores germination anomalies; hyphae distortion, cell wall dissolution, protoplast leakage.