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本文对石家庄地区537名男性养路作业的职业危害作了调查。结果表明,市外养路作业的职业危害因素包括粉尘、汽车尾气、噪声、高温。体检结果提示,养路工人主要表现为眼部症状阳性检出率最高,其次是神经、消化、呼吸系统方面的症状。眼怕风流泪的症状出现较多,明显高于对照组(P<0.01),左右耳的听力损失,心电图改变检出率高于对照组。脑电图、X线胸片异常改变检出率明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。
This article investigated the occupational hazards of 537 male road maintenance jobs in Shijiazhuang. The results show that occupational hazards of road maintenance operations outside the city include dust, automobile exhaust, noise and high temperature. Physical examination results suggest that road maintenance workers mainly showed the highest positive rate of ocular symptoms, followed by neurological, digestive and respiratory symptoms. There were more symptoms of wind-induced tears, which were significantly higher than those of the control group (P <0.01). The hearing loss and electrocardiogram changes of the left and right ears were higher than those of the control group. EEG, X-ray abnormalities detection rate was significantly higher than the control group (P <0.01).