分析未经放、化疗且手术切除的T1、T2 期直肠癌 183例 ,探讨限制在肠壁内的直肠癌淋巴结转移的相关危险因素。结果显示直肠癌淋巴结转移与肿瘤浸润深度、患者年龄明显有关 (P <0 .0 1) ,与肿瘤的形态、分级有关 (P <0 .0 5 )。提示对高、中分化的T1期及高分化的T2 期直肠癌作单纯局部切除就足够了 ,根治术或局切 +骨盆放疗适用于年轻、分化不良且为溃疡型的T1、T2 期直肠癌 183 cases of T1 and T2 rectal cancer without radiotherapy, chemotherapy and resection were analyzed to explore the related risk factors of lymph node metastasis in rectal cancer. The results showed that lymph node metastasis of rectal cancer and tumor invasion depth, age of patients was significantly related (P <0.01), and tumor morphology, grading (P <0.05). Tip high, moderately differentiated stage T1 and well-differentiated T2 rectal cancer is sufficient for local excision, radical mastectomy or pelvic radiotherapy for young, poorly differentiated and ulcerated T1, T2 rectal cancer