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实验图线是物理实验中研究物理量之间函数关系的一种非常有效、十分常见的数据处理方法。高中物理教科书甲种本上把这种方法的应用练习作为第一个学生实验就是佐证。然而,在实验图线上进行误差原因分析,对中学生来说仍是十分陌生。本文想通过对常见例子的分析,帮助中学生提高这方面的分析能力。一、讨论特殊点。由特殊点的物理意义出发寻找误差原因。图线在二轴上的截距、图线上的拐点……这些特殊点都有特定的物理意义。通过对这些点的讨论,很容易找出实验误差的原
The experimental graph line is a very effective and very common data processing method for studying the functional relationship between physical quantities in physical experiments. High school physics textbooks are the first student experiments to apply the practice of this method. However, analyzing the cause of error in the experimental graph line is still unfamiliar to middle school students. This article tries to help middle school students improve their analytical skills by analyzing common examples. First, discuss special points. From the physical meaning of the special point to find the cause of the error. The intercepts of the graph lines on the two axes, the inflection points on the graph lines... These special points have specific physical meanings. Through the discussion of these points, it is easy to identify the original experimental error.