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随着近年来行为经济学的出现,新的包含心理因素的经济学理论可以对传统马克思学说中的劳动异化问题进行新的解释、提供新的解决思路。依据行为经济学前景理论,分析劳动异化问题的产生原因,提出劳动异化是一种参照点变动导致的负面结果,因为“损失规避”普遍存在,劳动异化的负面影响比通常的认识更大。针对如何消减劳动异化负面影响问题,本文提出在改变制度环境途径之外,可通过改变个体自身偏好、构建群体间正向的互惠关系进行。此研究是将行为经济学运用于发展马克思学说的一种新尝试。
With the advent of behavioral economics in recent years, a new economic theory involving psychological factors can provide a new explanation for the problem of labor dissimilation in the traditional Marxist theory and provide new solutions. According to the foreground theory of behavioral economics, this paper analyzes the causes of labor alienation problems and puts forward that labor alienation is a negative result caused by the change of reference points because “loss avoidance” is ubiquitous and the negative impact of labor alienation is more than usual. . In order to reduce the negative influence of labor alienation, this paper proposes to establish a positive reciprocal relationship among different groups by changing individual preferences in addition to changing the institutional environment. This study is a new attempt to apply behavioral economics to the development of Marxist theory.