肿瘤研究的一个重要方面是鉴定与分离特异性的肿瘤抗原,用以改进人体肿瘤的诊断与治疗.但对人体肿瘤是否存在特异性抗原的问题,存在着不同的看法,曾几起几落.八十年代初,Old用自体定型法测定黑色素瘤患者血清中对其自身癌细胞有细胞毒性作用的抗体,发现能测得的抗体按其特异性 An important aspect of cancer research is the identification and isolation of specific tumor antigens to improve the diagnosis and treatment of human tumors. However, there are different views on the existence of specific antigens in human tumors. In the early 1980s, Old used autogenous determination of antibodies in the serum of melanoma patients that had cytotoxic effects on their own cancer cells and found that the antibodies could be measured according to their specificity.