化疗可导致不同的临床急性并发症,如中性粒细胞减少性结肠炎、胰腺炎、急性溶血和肝功能衰竭,发生于不到1%的患者。目前处理这些罕见并发症的资料很少,及时识别和处理这些不良事件,对于避免进一步的发病率和死亡率相当重要。全文总结化疗药物相关的罕见急性并发症,论述其发病机制和处理以及对再次进行化疗的建议。 Chemotherapy can lead to different clinical acute complications such as neutropenic colitis, pancreatitis, acute hemolysis and liver failure, occurring in less than 1% of patients. There is very little information available to address these rare complications so far, and the timely identification and treatment of these adverse events is important to avoid further morbidity and mortality. The full text summarizes the rare acute complications associated with chemotherapeutics, discusses its pathogenesis and management, and recommendations for re-chemotherapy.