AIM: To evaluate the effect of an active fraction from Leptadenia reticulata leaves on serum glucose and lipid profile in normal and diabetic rats. METHOD: Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin in Wistar rats. Petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and ethanol extracts of Leptadenia reticulata leaves were administered orally at a dose of 200 mg·kg-1, p.o. Metformin was used as standard anti diabetic drug(50 mg·kg-1, p.o). The extract showing higher antidiabetic activity was subjected to column chromatography and led to the isolation of an active fraction, which was given trivial name Lr-1. Lr-1(100 mg·kg-1, p.o.) was studied for its hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic potential. RESULTS: The ethanol extract was found to lower the FBG level significantly(P < 0.05) in diabetic rats. Lr-1 caused a significant(P < 0.05) reduction in FBG level, and additionally it caused reduction in cholesterol, triglyceride levels, and an improvement in the HDL level in diabetic rats. CONCLUSION: Reduction in the FBG, cholesterol, triglyceride levels, and an improvement in the HDL by Lr-1 indicates that Lr-1 has antidiabetic activity, along with cardioprotective potential, and provides a scientific rationale for the use as an antidiabetic agent. AIM: To evaluate the effect of an active fraction from Leptadenia reticulata leaves on serum glucose and lipid profile in normal and diabetic rats. METHOD: Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin in Wistar rats. Petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and ethyl extracts of Leptadenia reticulata leaves were administered orally at a dose of 200 mg · kg -1, po extract of higher antidiabetic activity was subjected to column chromatography and led to the isolation (50 mg · kg -1, po) of an active fraction, which was given trivial name Lr-1. Lr-1 (100 mg · kg -1, po) was studied for its hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic potential. RESULTS: The ethanol extract was found to lower the FBG level significantly ( Reduction in FBG level, and further it caused reduction in cholesterol, triglyceride levels, and an improvement in the HDL level in diabetic rats. CONCLUSION: Reduction in (P <0.05) in diabetic rats. the FBG, cholesterol, triglyceride levels, and an improvement in the HDL by Lr-1 indicates that Lr-1 has antidiabetic activity, along with cardioprotective potential, and provides a scientific rationale for the use as an antidiabetic agent.