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在冷战时期,尤其是从1983年美国实施“星球大战”划以来,美国与原苏联都研制了形形色色的反卫星武器。反卫星武器是用于打击、破坏航天器或损害其正常功能的空间武器,可分为天基和地基两种,有核能、动能和定向能多种类型。其中地基核能和动能反卫星武器又有反卫星卫星(共轨式)和反卫星导弹(直接上升式)两种;天基反卫星武器则有共轨式(天雷)和非共轨式(航天器上的动能和定向能武器)两种。
Since the Cold War era, and especially since the U.S. carried out the “Star Wars” plan in 1983, the United States and the former Soviet Union have all kinds of anti-satellite weapons developed. Anti-satellite weapons are space weapons used to attack, destroy or damage their normal functions and can be classified into two types: space-based and foundation-based, with various types of nuclear energy, kinetic energy and directional energy. There are two kinds of ground-based nuclear energy and kinetic energy anti-satellite weapons: anti-satellite (common rail) and anti-satellite (direct-rising) Spacecraft kinetic energy and directional energy weapons) two.