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[目的]筛选甘蓝型油菜耐旱种质资源,并分析其干旱胁迫下生理生化变化。[方法]以40个不同甘蓝型油菜品种(系)为材料,采用PEG-6000模拟生理干旱胁迫和盆栽极限干旱胁迫等方法进行耐旱种质资源的筛选,并对干旱胁迫下叶绿素含量、类胡萝卜素含量、脯氨酸含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量、可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性的变化进行了研究。[结果]筛选鉴定出一批耐旱性甘蓝型油菜品种:YAU200908、湘油15号、YAU200903、YAU200907、YAU200906、YAU200904。生理生化分析表明,在干旱胁迫下,油菜叶片中叶绿素、类胡萝卜素的含量随干旱程度的加剧而降低,脯氨酸、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、MDA的含量及SOD、CAT、POD的酶活性则随着干旱程度的加剧而升高。[结论]在抗旱性强的材料中,其类胡萝卜素的含量显著地减少,脯氨酸、可溶性糖、MDA的含量及SOD、CAT的酶活性显著增加,可作为油菜抗旱性鉴定的生理生化指标。
[Objective] The research aimed to screen the drought-tolerant germplasm resources of Brassica napus and analyze its physiological and biochemical changes under drought stress. [Method] Forty different Brassica napus cultivars (lines) were used to screen drought-tolerant germplasm resources by PEG-6000 simulated physiological drought stress and pot limited drought stress. The effects of drought stress on chlorophyll content, Contents of carotene, proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), soluble sugar, soluble protein, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) ) Activity was studied. [Result] A number of drought tolerant Brassica napus varieties were screened out: YAU200908, Xiangyou 15, YAU200903, YAU200907, YAU200906, YAU200904. Physiological and biochemical analysis showed that under drought stress, the content of chlorophyll and carotenoid in rape leaves decreased with the increase of drought degree, and the content of proline, soluble sugar, soluble protein and MDA and the activities of SOD, CAT and POD It rises with the degree of drought. [Conclusion] The contents of proline, soluble sugar, MDA and the activities of SOD and CAT were significantly increased in drought-resistant materials, which could be used as the physiological and biochemical markers for drought resistance of rapeseed index.