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中国最早的彩票是从菲律宾传入的吕宋票,从19世纪中期起,吕宋票垄断中国彩票市场达40年之久。1899年中国开始自办彩票。由于清末时期财政窘困,天灾人祸交迫,清政府缺乏吸引民间投资的有效手段,经常利用发行彩票来应付各种需要,造成彩票的泛滥。彩票首先是在救灾的名义下,冲破清政府的禁赌法令创办于上海,而后各地政府纷纷仿效,找诸种借口滥发彩票,作为敛财的新手段,清政府无力干预。晚清彩票的泛滥,是清政府政治统治衰微的表征,而其背后,则可见权力与利益的结合与博弈。
The earliest lottery in China was the Luzon ticket passed from the Philippines. Since the mid-19th century, Luzon votes monopolize the lottery market in China for 40 years. In 1899, China began to run its own lottery. Due to the financial duress in the late Qing dynasty and natural disasters and man-made disasters, the Qing government lacked an effective means of attracting private investment. It often used the lottery to meet various needs and caused flooding of lottery tickets. The lottery first started in Shanghai in the name of disaster relief by breaking the ban on gambling decreed by the Qing government. Afterwards, various local governments followed suit and used all kinds of excuses to indiscriminately issue lottery tickets. As a new means of making money, the Qing government was unable to intervene. The spread of lottery tickets in the late Qing Dynasty was a sign of the decline of the Qing government’s political rule. Behind it, we can see the combination of power and interest and the game.