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目的:通过单因素和正交试验法研究五味子种子挥发油最优提取工艺。方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法,以挥发油得率为指标,以药材粉碎度、料液比、蒸馏时间、浸泡时间4个因素进行正交试验。结果:影响挥发油得率的主要因素为粉碎度,其次为蒸馏时间和料液比,最后为浸泡时间。最佳提取工艺为五味子种子粉碎度60～80目,料液比1∶5,提取8 h,浸泡2 h。结论:该方法提取率高,简单易行,最佳工艺条件下提取率可达到2.72%。
Objective: To study the optimum extraction technology of volatile oil from Schisandra chinensis seeds by single factor and orthogonal test. Methods: Using steam distillation method, taking the yield of volatile oil as an index, the orthogonal experiment was carried out on the basis of four factors including the degree of crushing, the ratio of solid to liquid, the distillation time and the soaking time. Results: The main factors influencing the yield of volatile oil were degree of disintegration, followed by distillation time and material-liquid ratio, and finally the soaking time. The optimum extraction process for Schisandra seed crushing degree of 60 to 80 mesh, solid-liquid ratio of 1: 5, extracted 8 h, soaked 2 h. Conclusion: The extraction rate of this method is high, simple and easy, the best extraction conditions can reach 2.72%.