目的：了解集体心理治疗对美沙酮维持治疗阿片依赖者服药依从性的影响。方法将104例美沙酮维持治疗阿片依赖者随机分为两组，两组均予以美沙酮维持治疗，研究组在此基础上联合集体心理治疗，观察6个月。于治疗前后评估患者服药依从性。结果研究组维持治疗率为84．6％、脱失率为15．4％，对照组分别为40．4％、59．6％。研究组维持治疗率显著高于对照组（P＜0．01）。结论集体心理治疗能显著改善美沙酮维持治疗阿片依赖者的服药依从性。“,”Objective To survey the influence of group psychotherapy on drug compliance of opioid dependence (OD ) patients undergoing methadone mainte‐nance treatment (MMT) .Methods A total of 104 OD patients undergoing MMT were randomly assigned to two groups ,both groups received MMT ,and research group was plus group psychotherapy for 6 months .Drug compliance was assessed before and after treatment .Results Maintenance treatment and drop‐out rate was respectively 84 .6% and 15 .4% in research group and 40 .4% and 59 .6% in control ,maintenance treatment rate was significantly higher in research than in control group (P< 0 .01) . Conclusion Group psychotherapy could notably improve drug compliance of OD patients undergoing MMT .