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目的分析戒毒人员的营养状况,探讨营养饮食干预对戒毒人员身体状况的影响。方法分析2015年3月~2016年6月在第四军医大学军事预防医学系营养与食品卫生学教研室的戒毒人员100例,根据其是否发生营养不良,将其分为营养不良组(n=65)和非营养不良组(n=35),采用简易营养评价法(mini nutritional assessment,MNA)对戒毒人员进行营养状况调查,并对其实施营养饮食干预,统计分析所有戒毒人员营养状况评价结果、干预前后营养状况指标及身体状况变化情况。结果 2组戒毒人员性别、毒品类型、吸食方式基本相同,无明显差异(P>0.05);戒毒人员年龄及吸食时间与其发生营养不良有关(P<0.05);戒毒人员营养饮食干预后身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、血红蛋白、总蛋白、上臂围及小腿围均明显高于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);戒毒人员营养饮食干预后疲倦、食欲丧失、失眠、气促及便秘、腹泻症状评分明显均低于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论戒毒人员普遍存在营养不良问题,实施营养饮食干预能有效改善其营养状况和身体状况,促进康复治疗。
Objective To analyze the nutritional status of drug addicts and discuss the influence of nutritional diet on the physical condition of drug addicts. Methods From March 2015 to June 2016, 100 cases of drug addicts in the Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Department of Military Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University were divided into malnourished groups according to their malnutrition (n = 65 ) And non-malnourished group (n = 35). Nutritional status of drug addicts were investigated by using mini nutritional assessment (MNA). Nutritional interventions were also conducted to evaluate the nutritional status of all drug addicts. Nutritional status before and after intervention and physical condition changes. Results There were no significant differences in the types of drug addicts between the two groups (P> 0.05). The age and smoking time of drug addicts were related to the occurrence of malnutrition (P <0.05). After treatment, the body mass index body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin, total protein, upper arm circumference and calf circumference were significantly higher than those before intervention (P <0.05); after recuperation nutrition and diet intervention, fatigue, loss of appetite, insomnia, gas Promote constipation, diarrhea symptoms were significantly lower than before intervention, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion There is a widespread malnutrition problem among drug addicts. The implementation of nutrition and diet intervention can effectively improve their nutritional status and physical condition and promote rehabilitation.