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目的探讨呼吸道细菌感染病原学与儿童哮喘急性发作的相关性,以期更有效控制住院患儿呼吸道感染。方法对2005年1月-2010年1月宁波市妇女儿童医院住院治疗的哮喘急性发作患儿常规进行深部痰培养,并进行病原学分析。结果哮喘急性发作患儿375例,其中103例分离出≥1种病原菌,阳性率为27.5%;最常见的革兰阳性菌为肺炎链球菌17株,革兰阴性菌主要为流感嗜血菌23株、卡他莫拉菌15株、肺炎克雷伯菌14株;总检出率以低龄组为主,为32.8%;而流感嗜血菌、肺炎链球菌、卡他莫拉菌、肺炎克雷伯菌检出率以<3岁低龄组为主。结论流感嗜血菌、肺炎链球菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和卡他莫拉菌作为小儿呼吸道感染常见病原菌,其感染可能与诱发儿童哮喘急性发作密切相关。
Objective To explore the correlation between bacterial etiology of respiratory tract and acute exacerbation of childhood asthma in order to more effectively control the respiratory tract infection in hospitalized children. Methods From January 2005 to January 2010, Ningbo Children’s Hospital inpatient treatment of acute asthma in children with acute sputum culture routine, and etiological analysis. Results 375 cases of acute asthma attack in children, of which 103 cases were more than 1 kinds of pathogens isolated, the positive rate was 27.5%; the most common Gram-positive bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae 17 strains, Gram-negative bacteria mainly Haemophilus influenza 23 15 strains of Moraxella catarrhalis and 14 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae.The total detection rate was 32.8% in the young group, while the rates of Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis, The detection rate of the bacterium was less than 3 years old. Conclusion Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Moraxella catarrhali are the common pathogens of respiratory tract infection in children. The infection may be closely related to the acute attack of childhood asthma.