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The different sera proteomic components between uremia patients and normal subjects were studied through two-dimensional gel electrophoresis technique. Immobilized pH gradient twodimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2DE), silver staining, ImageMaster 2D 5.0 analysis software, matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDITOF-TOF-MS) and IPI human database searching were used to separate and identify the proteome of the sera from the patients with uremia. The results showed that satisfactory 2DE patts of the serum proteins were obtained. Twenty-six protein spots showed significant difference in quantity in uremia patients, and 20 protein spots were identified by MALDI-TOF-TOF-MS. It was concluded that good reproducibility could be obtained by applying immobilized pH gradient 2DE to separate and identify the proteome in serum, which provided the foundation for the further study on uremia toxins pertaining to protein.