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长期以来,我国水利血防工程对控制血吸虫病传播发挥了重要作用。水利工程特别是血吸虫病疫区的大型水利工程建设,往往会改变工程区及其下游地区的生态环境。有些生态环境变化有利于控制或消除血吸虫病,而有些生态环境变化可能导致钉螺扩散和血吸虫病蔓延。因此,需对水利血防工程措施进行效果评价;同时,卫生部门应积极开展大型水利建设项目的卫生学评价,并针对工程可能存在钉螺扩散的风险,提出预防和控制措施的意见。在工程建设中,只要落实水利血防工程措施就可降低或消除钉螺扩散的潜在风险,实现水利、血防等社会、经济综合效益。在围绕防止钉螺扩散研究方面,钉螺水力学新技术成果已编入水利行业水利血防指导性技术文件。目前,水利血防工作正在走上制度化、规范化、标准化轨道。
For a long time, our water conservancy project has played an important role in controlling the spread of schistosomiasis. Water conservancy projects, especially schistosomiasis endemic large-scale water conservancy construction projects, tend to change the ecological environment of the project area and its downstream areas. Some ecological changes are conducive to control or eliminate schistosomiasis, and some ecological changes may lead to snail spread and schistosomiasis spread. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of water conservancy and blood protection engineering measures; meanwhile, the health department should actively carry out hygiene evaluation of large-scale water conservancy construction projects and put forward opinions on prevention and control measures in view of the possible risk of snail diffusion in the project. In engineering construction, as long as the implementation of water conservancy and blood protection engineering measures can reduce or eliminate the potential risks of snail spread, to achieve water conservancy, blood and other social and economic benefits. In the area of prevention of snail diffusion research, the results of new technology of snail hydraulics have been compiled into the guidance document of water conservancy and blood-protection in water conservancy industry. At present, the work of water conservancy and blood conservation is embarking on a systematic, standardized and standardized track.