目的　本研究旨在检验192 Ir血管内照射对兔球囊血管成形术后再狭窄的作用。方法　建立兔髂动脉粥样硬化模型 ,对病变血管行球囊成形术 ,同时随机分为对照组 ,10Gy照射组和 18Gy照射组。以导管导入192 Ir放射性导丝对照射组动物的扩张处进行血管内照射。 4周后处死动物 ,取出血管标本 ,进行病理组织学分析。结果　 18Gy照射组最终管腔面积较对照组及 10Gy照射组大 (P <0 0 5) ,18Gy照射组内膜面积较小 (P <0 0 5)。结论　本动物实验提示192 Ir血管内照射可防止球囊血管成形术后再狭窄 ,其效果与照射剂量相关 ,其机制涉及抑制新生内膜增殖。 The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of 192 Ir intravascular irradiation on restenosis after balloon angioplasty in rabbits. Methods Rabbit models of iliac atherosclerosis were established. Balloon angioplasty was performed on the diseased vessels. At the same time, they were randomly divided into control group, 10Gy irradiation group and 18Gy irradiation group. Irradiation of 192 Ir radioconductive catheters was performed with catheters for intravascular irradiation at the dilations of irradiated animals. After 4 weeks, the animals were sacrificed and the blood vessels were removed for histopathological analysis. Results The final lumen area of ​​18Gy irradiation group was larger than that of control group and 10Gy irradiation group (P <0.05), and the intimal area of ​​18Gy irradiation group was smaller (P <0.05). Conclusion The animal experiments suggest that 192 Ir intravascular irradiation can prevent restenosis after balloon angioplasty, the effect of which is related to irradiation dose, and its mechanism involves inhibition of neointimal proliferation.