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通过对近5年淮河流域河流水质状况、各省污水排放情况的对比分析,剖析淮河流域治污存在的法律问题,主要体现在以下四个方面:法规多、法律少,权威性不强;刑法相对虚化;重视城市污染法规建设,忽视农村污染防治;重经济处罚,轻刑事处罚等。并据此提出淮河流域污染治理的法律对策:从立法改进的角度看,应遵循事前控制与事后治理相结合的原则、落实污染者负担原则、强化国家干预的原则;从立法创新和完善的角度看,赔偿责任界定应清晰、赔偿限额应明确,应更加注重对重污染事故责任主体的刑事和民事责任追究。
Through the comparative analysis of the river water quality in the Huaihe River Basin in recent 5 years and the sewage discharge in each province, the legal problems of pollution control in the Huaihe River Basin are analyzed, mainly in the following four aspects: the laws and regulations are few, the laws are few and the authority is not strong; Emphasis on urban pollution laws and regulations, neglect of rural pollution prevention and control; heavy economic penalties, light criminal penalties. According to this, the legal countermeasures of pollution control in the Huaihe River Basin are put forward. From the perspective of legislative improvement, the principle of combining prior control with ex post control should be followed, the principle of polluter pays should be implemented, and the principle of state intervention should be strengthened. From the perspective of legislation innovation and perfection Look at the definition of liability should be clear, the compensation limit should be clear, should pay more attention to the main responsibility for heavy pollution criminal and civil liability.