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泼尼芥(Prednimustine)系氢化泼尼松的苯丁酸氮芥酯,其化学名为:1,4-孕甾二烯-3,20-双酮-11β,17α,21-三羟基-21-C4′-双(氯乙基)氮芥苯丁酸酯。苯丁酸氮芥原为治疗慢性淋巴白血病的首选药物,氢化泼尼松在临床上用于治疗急性淋巴白血病和淋巴肉瘤。氢化泼尼松和苯丁酸氮芥合并应用于治疗播散性乳腺癌相当有效,因而合成了泼尼芥,由于其脂溶性较强,在体内分布与苯丁酸氮芥有所不同。本品的抗癌作用系通过水解释出苯丁酸氮芥而产生,但经动物试验表明,其毒性较低,较诸氢化泼尼松与苯丁酸氮芥伍用,可产生不同的临床效果。
Prednimustine is a prednisolone chlorambucil whose chemical name is 1,4-pregnen-3,20-dione-11β, 17α, 21-trihydroxy-21 -C4’-bis (chloroethyl) nitrogen mustard benzene butyrate. Chlorambucil is the drug of choice for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and prednisolone is clinically used to treat acute lymphatic leukemia and lymphosarcoma. The combination of prednisolone and chlorambucil for the treatment of disseminated breast cancer is quite effective, and therefore, the prednisone was synthesized, which is different from chlorambucil in vivo due to its strong liposolubility. The anticancer effect of this product is generated by the hydrolysis of chlorambucil, but animal experiments show that its toxicity is lower than that of prednisolone and chlorambucil, which can produce different clinical effect.