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党中央、国务院决定创办五个经济特区以来,各经济特区的经济有了长足的发展,很多方面创造了中国有史以来经济发展的奇迹,相对于世界上一些地区的经济发展毫不逊色。 研究特区经济发展的动力,以便充分借助于发展动力,使特区经济发展登上一个新台阶,是件很有意义的事情。 一、特区经济发展动力的能量释放种类及其阶段性 以笔者体验,中国的经济发展,尤其是特区的经济发展,受到下列几种能量释放的巨大影响,它们是: 1、路线能。以“阶级斗争”为纲的路线禁锢着经济发展,只有在转向“以经济建设为中心”的路线之后,打破了错误路线加在经济发展上的桎梏之后,巨大的路线能才被释放了出来,经济发展第一次取得长足进步。 2、政策能。路线问题解决后,就要继续释放政策能来解决能不能快速发展的问题。经济特区、沿海改革开放区,得益于“特殊政策,灵活措施”这种政策能的释放,沿海和内地,同一地域不同地区经济发展速度不平衡,很大程度上是由于政策差异而形成的。 3、体制能。经济真正要在宽松条件下发展,必须解决体制问题,必须由传统的非科学的计划经济体制转向社会主义市场经济体制,这种体制能的释放,将是下一阶段经济发展的主要动力之一。
Since the establishment of the five special economic zones by the Party Central Committee and the State Council, great progress has been made in the economic development of all SEZs. In many aspects, they have created a miracle in the economic development of China ever since, in comparison with the economic development in some parts of the world. Studying the driving force for economic development in the SEZ in order to take full advantage of the impetus for development and enable the SEZs economic development to a new level is a very significant event. I. Types and phases of energy release in the driving force of economic development in the SEZ As far as the author’s experience is concerned, China’s economic development, especially its economic development, has been greatly affected by the following energy releases: 1. Route energy. The “class struggle” as the key link has imprisoned economic development. Only after turning to the path of “taking economic construction as the center” and breaking the wrong path plus the shackles of economic development can the huge line be released For the first time, economic development made great strides. 2, the policy can. After the route problem is solved, we must continue to release the policy to solve the problem of whether rapid development can be achieved. Special economic zones and coastal areas for reform and opening up are benefiting from the release of such policies as “special policies and flexible measures.” The imbalances in economic development between the coastal areas and the interior and in different regions of the same region are largely due to policy differences . 3, the system can. If economy really needs to develop under relaxed conditions, it must solve its system problems and must shift from a traditional non-scientific planned economy to a socialist market economy. The release of such a system will be one of the main engines of economic development in the next stage .