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基于大气边界层基本理论和流体动力学基本原理,采用FLUENT软件对平面L形低矮房屋风压分布特性进行了数值模拟研究。将数值计算结果与风洞试验结果对比分析,结果吻合良好,表明数值模拟方法是合理可行的。通过数值模拟,详细分析了风向角、屋面坡度、房屋翼长、檐口高度和屋面形式等参数对平面L形低矮房屋外表面平均风压系数分布规律及体型系数的影响。结果表明:风向角与屋面坡度是影响屋面的风压系数分布与体型系数的最主要因素;最不利负压的位置随风向角的改变而不断变化,但往往出现在迎风屋面屋脊及屋檐区域;迎风屋面最不利负压随屋面坡度的增加逐渐减小,背风屋面风压系数分布相对均匀;四坡屋面阳屋脊较多,其背风区往往形成高负压区,这些区域更容易遭受风灾破坏。
Based on the basic theory of atmospheric boundary layer and the basic principles of fluid dynamics, FLUENT software was used to simulate the wind pressure distribution characteristics of low profile L-shaped houses. Comparing the numerical results with the wind tunnel test results, the results agree well with each other, which shows that the numerical simulation method is reasonable and feasible. Through numerical simulation, the influence of wind direction angle, roof slope, wing length, cornice height and roof form on the distribution law of average wind pressure coefficient and body shape coefficient of the outer surface of L-shaped low profile house are analyzed in detail. The results show that the wind direction angle and the slope of the roof are the most important factors that affect the distribution of wind pressure coefficient and body shape coefficient of the roof. The position of the most negative negative pressure changes constantly with the change of the wind direction angle, but often appears in the roof and roof area of the windward roof ; The most negative negative pressure of the windward roof decreases with the increase of the roof slope, and the distribution of the wind pressure coefficient of the leeward roof is relatively uniform. There are many ridge roofs in the four slope roofs, which tend to form high negative pressure zones in the leeward areas, which are more prone to wind damage .