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目的了解河南省肺结核流行特征,为制定结核病防治策略和措施提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学研究方法,对2005-2013年河南省肺结核监测资料进行分析。结果 2005-2013年河南省共登记肺结核患者687 183例,发病率呈逐年下降趋势,年均发病率为81.2/10万。月均发病率在3月份达到最高值8.1/10万,随后逐步降低,次年1月份达到最低值5.6/10万。全省18个地市历年均有病例报告,其中豫南和豫北地区年均发病率较高,超过90/10万。男性发病率明显高于女性,男性发病484 898例,女性发病202 285例,男女性别比为2.4∶1。职业分布中,农民、学生和工人3类人群报告发病患者数最多,占总发病人数的89.4%。结论河南省肺结核发病率呈逐年下降趋势,男性、农民、青壮年及老年人是河南省肺结核发病的高危人群,应加强对相应人群的预防控制措施。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Henan Province, and to provide the basis for formulating strategies and measures for prevention and control of tuberculosis. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of pulmonary tuberculosis surveillance in Henan Province from 2005 to 2013. Results A total of 687 183 cases of tuberculosis patients were registered in Henan Province during 2005-2013. The incidence rate showed a decreasing trend year by year with an average annual incidence rate of 81.2 / 100 000. The monthly average morbidity reached a high of 8.1 / 100,000 in March and then gradually decreased, reaching a minimum of 5.6 / 100,000 in January of the following year. The 18 prefectures and cities throughout the province have reported cases over the years, of which the average annual incidence in southern Henan and northern Henan is higher than 90/10 million. The incidence of males was significantly higher than that of females, 484 898 males, 202 285 females, and the sex ratio was 2.4:1. Occupational distribution, farmers, students and workers in the three groups reported the largest number of patients, accounting for 89.4% of the total number of cases. Conclusions The incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Henan Province is decreasing year by year. Men, peasants, young adults and the elderly are the high risk population of pulmonary tuberculosis in Henan Province. Prevention and control measures should be strengthened for the corresponding population.