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行政复议是指公民、法人和其他组织不服行政机关所作出的具体行政行为,向行政机关或其上一级行政机关提出申诉,受理申诉的机关对其作出裁决的活动。行政复议制度作为解决行政争议的重要途径,简便高效,对于防止和纠正违法行政行为,监督行政主体依法行政,保护行政相对人合法权益,都起到了非常重要的作用。我国大陆地区于1999年颁布了《行政复议法》,台湾地区也于1998年修正了“诉愿法”。本文主要以这两部法律为依据,对海峡两岸行政复议制度进行比较,在互相借鉴的基础上,促进两岸行政法制的共同进步。
Administrative reconsideration refers to the activities of citizens, legal persons and other organizations that refuse to accept the specific administrative act made by the administrative organ and make a complaint to the administrative organ or the administrative organ at the next higher level and make a ruling on the appeal by the organ that accepted the complaint. As an important way to resolve administrative disputes, the system of administrative reconsideration is simple and efficient. It plays a very important role in preventing and correcting illegal administrative acts, supervising the administrative subjects according to law and protecting the legitimate rights and interests of the administrative counterparts. China’s Mainland promulgated the “Administrative Reconsideration Law” in 1999 and Taiwan also amended its “Petition Law” in 1998. Based on these two laws, this article compares the system of administrative reconsideration across the Taiwan Strait and, on the basis of mutual reference, promotes the common progress of both sides of the administrative legal system.