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为弥补我国现行规范和美国MUTCD2009关于高速公路前置指路标志设置距离经验主义的缺陷,首先分析了驾驶员驶离主线驾驶行为及前置指路标志设置距离的影响因素.车道数、车道宽度、车道变换时间、驾驶员的视觉特性、标志牌的架设方式以及主线和匝道上的运行速度对出口匝道安全性有显著影响.介绍了前置指路标志的3种架设方式,即路边直立式、路上横跨数和中央架设式,并给出了各自的适用条件.然后建模计算了不同道路几何条件和交通条件下各安装方式的设置距离,3种安装方式具有相同的模型结构.最后以路上横跨式为例,TSIS-CORSIM模拟结果表明,所给模型计算的设置距离在分流鼻上游500m范围内产生的车道变换数较少,比我国的现行规范少58.93%,比MUTCD推荐值少27.35%,因而具有更好的安全性能.
In order to make up for the shortcomings of the current norms in our country and the distance empiricism of the MUTCD2009 on the setting of the leading signs of the expressways, the influencing factors of the driver’s driving behavior and the setting distance of the leading signs are analyzed firstly. , The lane change time, the driver’s visual characteristics, the signboard erection mode and the main line and the on-ramp speed have a significant influence on the on-ramp safety.Furthermore, the author introduced three kinds of erection signs Type, the number of crossings on the road and the central erection, and gives their respective applicable conditions.After that, the setting distances of the different road geometrical conditions and traffic installations are calculated and modeled, and the three installation modes have the same model structure. Finally, taking the on-street span as an example, the results of TSIS-CORSIM simulation show that the set-up distance of the model is less than 500m upstream of the shunt nose, 58.93% less than the current standard in our country, 27.35% less value, which has better safety performance.