本文从殖民文化、政治及经济的因素来探讨澳门的社会结构及族群意识。本文发现,葡萄牙殖民文化对澳门的社会结构的主要影响来自“土生葡人”这一特殊族群在澳门的出现。此外,由于葡萄牙殖民政策的关系,殖民文化并没有在澳门社会中生根,在澳门的影响并不明显。在政治因素方面,不同族群的小孩会读不同的学校,这与政治态度的倾向有关,而政治态度的形成与其过往的历史经验也有影响。在经济因素方面,在大量中国内地移民因为经济因素来澳之后,澳门出现了“新移民”及“老移民”两种不同的族群,澳门的族群意识也因此被挑起。本文认为澳门的族群问题确有可能在未来被更明确地关注,而目前澳门没有族群的冲突不是实际没发生,而仅是并不严重。 This article explores the social structure and ethnic awareness of Macao from its colonial, political and economic factors. This paper finds that the main influence of Portuguese colonial culture on the social structure of Macao comes from the emergence of a special ethnic group called “Native Portuguese” in Macao. In addition, because of the Portuguese colonial policy, colonial culture did not take root in the society of Macao. The impact in Macao is not obvious. In terms of politics, children from different ethnic groups will go to different schools, which is related to the tendency of political attitudes. The formation of political attitudes also has an impact on their past historical experience. In terms of economy, after a large number of immigrants from Mainland China came to Australia due to economic factors, the emergence of two different ethnic groups: “new immigrants” and “old immigrants” in Macao, thus provoking a sense of ethnicity in Macao. This paper argues that the issue of ethnic groups in Macao is indeed likely to be more clearly focused in the future. At present, there are no clashes in Macao that have not actually occurred but are not serious.