从文学史上看,属于再现性的艺术创作方法,主要有现实主义和自然主义。尽管这两个概念都源于19世纪的法国,但作为文学艺术的创作现象,在许多世代的各国文学艺术中都出现过,并且至今仍存在。恩格斯在致玛·哈克奈斯的信中说:“据我看来,现实主义的意思是,除细节的真实外,还要真实地再现典型环境中的典型人 From the literary history point of view, belong to the reproductive methods of artistic creation, mainly realism and naturalism. Although both of these concepts originated in the 19th century in France, the phenomenon of being a literary and artistic creation has appeared in many literary and artistic circles of many generations and still exists to this day. Engels said in a letter to Mach Hackas: ”In my opinion, realism means, in addition to the reality of the details, it is necessary to truly reproduce the typical people in a typical environment