对人血树突状细胞和单核细胞的光镜、透射电镜和扫描电镜观察表明:Giemsa染色两者形态相似:但树突状细胞呈S-100蛋白阳性,Lysozyme阴性.细胞表面光滑,有各种突起,细胞器很少.而单核细胞呈Lysozyme阳性,S-100蛋白阴性,细胞表面有微绒毛和微皱褶,细胞器发达,特别是有大量溶酶体.因此,树突状细胞和单核细胞光镜下可用S-100蛋白和Lysozyme两种标记来区别.扫描电镜和透射电镜检查也有鉴别意义. The results of light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy showed that the morphology of dendritic cells and monocytes was similar to that of Giemsa staining, but dendritic cells were positive for S-100 protein and negative for Lysozyme.The cell surface was smooth with A variety of processes, organelles few .Lyonuclear cells were Lysozyme-positive, S-100 protein negative, cell surface microvilli and micro-folds, organelles developed, especially with a large number of lysosomes.Therefore, dendritic cells and Monocytes can be identified by S-100 protein and Lysozyme under light microscope, and scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy are also of differential significance.