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目的了解南京市成年女性对乳腺癌相关知识的认知程度,为开展有针对性的健康教育和健康促进行动提供科学依据。方法采用街头拦截法随机选择南京市6个辖区内成年女性为研究对象,使用问卷调查了解女性对乳腺癌相关知识的认知情况以及知识的来源。累计拦截700人,实际访谈672人,应答率为96.0%,合格问卷668份。结果受访者对乳腺癌危险因素的知晓率与文化程度有关,文化程度越低,知晓率越低(P趋势<0.05)。66.0%的受访者认为乳房肿块是乳腺癌的表现,但知道皮肤出现橘皮样改变、乳头病变、凹陷等也是乳腺癌症状的比例较低,初中及以下文化程度组中这一比例不足10%。调查对象关于乳腺癌的相关知识主要来源于电视(68.4%)、网络(66.3%)和报纸杂志(43.6%),文化程度不同的受访者在这3种知识来源方面的比例存在统计学差异。医务人员提供信息所占比例较少(0.3%)。结论南京市成年女性在乳腺癌危险因素、诊断和治疗方法等方面的知识知晓率仍有待提高,应针对特定人群采取有针对性的健康教育与健康促进措施。
Objective To understand the cognition of breast cancer-related knowledge among adult women in Nanjing and to provide a scientific basis for carrying out targeted health education and health promotion. Methods Street interception method was used to randomly select adult women in six districts of Nanjing as the research object. Questionnaires were used to understand the cognition of breast cancer-related knowledge and the source of knowledge. A total of 700 people intercepted, the actual interview 672 people, the response rate was 96.0%, 668 qualified questionnaires. Results The respondents’ awareness rate of breast cancer risk factors was related to their education level. The lower the education level, the lower the awareness rate (P trend <0.05). 66.0% of respondents think breast lumps are the performance of breast cancer, but know the skin appears orange peel-like changes, nipple lesions, depression, etc. is also a low proportion of breast cancer symptoms, junior high school and below education group this proportion is less than 10 %. The respondents’ knowledge about breast cancer mainly came from television (68.4%), internet (66.3%) and newspapers and magazines (43.6%). There was a significant difference in the proportions of respondents with different education levels among the three sources of knowledge . Medical staff provided less information (0.3%). Conclusion The knowledge of breast cancer risk factors, diagnosis and treatment of adult women in Nanjing still need to be improved. Specific health education and health promotion measures should be taken for specific groups of people.