幼年型类风湿性关节炎常发生于16岁以下的少年儿童,婴儿期发病极少。一般来讲,女孩的发病率略高于男孩。 幼年型类风湿性关节炎的症状有多种多样,但主要表现为:①发热。多数为缓慢发生,少数突然出现,可为不规则低热,也可为持续性高热或间歇性高热。发热经数周至数月后可自行缓解,但易反复发生。②皮疹。发热期间约有1/5的患儿出现皮疹,其形态不一,多数为细小的斑丘疹,少数呈现结节性红斑或中心暗淡的环形红斑,可遍及全身,偶有痒感。皮疹往往很快消失,但随着发热又可出现。③关节肿痛。这是最主要的症状,常发生在发热后数周或数月,最初常先侵犯膝、踝关节,以后可发展到腕、肘、肩、颈椎等关节。多为两侧对称性,部分患儿呈游走性。此外,有的患儿还可伴发贫血、心包炎、心肌炎、胸膜炎、肺炎等。 Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis often occurs in children under 16 years of age, infants with very little. In general, the incidence of girls is slightly higher than that of boys. Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis symptoms are varied, but mainly as follows: ① fever. Most slow, a few sudden appearance, can be irregular low fever, but also for persistent high fever or intermittent fever. Fever can be relieved by a few weeks to several months, but easy to occur repeatedly. ② rash. About 1/5 of the children during the fever rash, its different shape, the majority of small rash, nodular erythema or a few appear dim ring erythema, can be throughout the body, occasional itching. Rash tends to disappear quickly, but can occur with fever. ③ joint swelling and pain. This is the most important symptoms, often occurs in a few weeks or months after fever, the first often first violations of the knee, ankle, later developed to the wrist, elbow, shoulder, cervical spine and other joints. Mostly symmetrical on both sides, some children were migratory. In addition, some children may also be associated with anemia, pericarditis, myocarditis, pleurisy, pneumonia and so on.