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利用人工杂交手段获得了斑鳜(♀)×鳜鱼(♂)杂交子一代(F1)及其自繁子二代(F2),通过外形观察、可数性状和形态框架数据分析,比较杂交后代与亲本间的形态特征及差异。试验结果表明,杂交鳜子一代、子二代体斑偏向斑鳜,体型偏向鳜鱼。可数性状中,杂交鳜子一代、子二代的背鳍、臀鳍、胸鳍、腹鳍与斑鳜、鳜鱼间均无明显差异。框架可量性状分析表明,杂交鳜子一代、子二代头后背前隆角介于斑鳜与鳜鱼之间,比斑鳜隆起明显;在躯干长轴、躯干纵轴及躯干背腹比上,杂交鳜子一代、子二代均介于斑鳜、鳜鱼之间。聚类分析结果表明,斑鳜单独聚为一组,杂交鳜子一代、子二代与鳜鱼聚为一组。判别公式分析表明,斑鳜、鳜鱼、杂交鳜子一代、子二代群体的判别准确率分别为100%、81.8%、85.2%、58.8%。判别分析散点分布表明,杂交鳜子一代、子二代介于斑鳜与鳜鱼之间,表现偏鳜鱼。杂交鳜子二代各形态特征较子一代有一定分化。研究结果为杂交鳜种质鉴定及杂交育种提供了科学依据。
The crossbred F1 hybrids (F1) and F2 generation F2 generation (F2) were obtained by means of artificial hybridization. The morphological, Morphological characteristics and differences between parents. The test results show that the generation of hybrid prickly heat, offspring of the second generation of body spots to cantharidin, body tend to bream fish. In countable traits, there was no significant difference between dorsal fin, anal fin, pectoral fin, pelvic fins and mandarin fish in the crossbreds and hybrids. Quantitative trait analysis of the frame shows that in the crossbreed hybrids, the posterior dorsal rachis of the second generation is between the maculata mackerel and the mackerel, which is more obvious than that of the mackerel. In the long axis of the trunk, the longitudinal axis of the trunk and the dorsoventral On the hybrid prickly heat generation, sub-second generation are between the cantharidin, bream fish. Cluster analysis showed that the cantans clustered together as a group, the hybrid prickly heat generation, the second generation and anchovy grouped together. Discriminant analysis showed that the discriminant accuracy rates were 100%, 81.8%, 85.2% and 58.8% for the two groups, respectively. Discriminant analysis of scatter distribution shows that the hybrid prickly heat generation, the second generation between the cuttlefish and the mandarin fish, the performance of partial mandarin fish. Crossbreed II generation morphological characteristics than the generation of a certain differentiation. The results provide a scientific basis for the identification of hybrid 鳜 germplasm and cross breeding.