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蛇为毒虫,人皆恶之,但其全身都是宝。早在二千多年前,西汉《神农本草经》中就有记载,明代李时珍《本草纲目》中对蛇能入药有较详细的记载。到了科学技术飞跃发展的今天,对蛇毒的研究发展迅速,并研制成许多特效良药,为攻克顽固病症试下了功劳。蛇毒是从毒蛇的头部毒腺囊中分泌的毒液,是一种成分很复杂的蛋白质。各种毒蛇分泌的蛇毒的毒性成分和酶活性成分都不同。我国已制成的蛇毒抗凝剂有尖吻蛇毒“去纤酶”、东北蝮蛇毒“清栓酶”、江浙蝮蛇毒“江浙蝮蛇抗栓酶”等。虽然商品名称不同,但均为非纯化单珠峰凝血酶,主要药理作用一致。现将蛇毒对疾病的治疗介绍如下:
Snakes are poisonous insects and they are all evil, but their bodies are treasures. As early as more than 2,000 years ago, the Western Han Dynasty “Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing” was recorded. In the Ming Dynasty Li Shizhen’s “Compendium of Materia Medica,” there is a more detailed record of snakes can be used as medicine. Today, with the rapid development of science and technology, the research on snake venom has developed rapidly, and it has been developed into a number of special effects medicines, which have contributed to the resolution of stubborn illnesses. Snake venom is a venom that is secreted from the poisonous gland of the viper. It is a very complex protein. The snake venom secreted by various snakes has different toxic components and enzyme active components. The snake venom anticoagulants that have been made in China include venomous snipe venom, defibrinating enzyme, northeast venomous venom, clearing enzyme, Jiangsu and Zhejiang snake venom, Jiangzhe snake antithrombotic enzyme and so on. Although the trade names are different, they are all non-purified single-peak thrombin, and the main pharmacological actions are consistent. The venom treatment of diseases is described as follows: